空气污染英语演讲稿
1空气污染对人的危害演讲稿
Teachers students:
hello everybody
Today I lecture on the topic of air pollution. Air pollution is a new branch of atmospheric science it is to study in different weather conditions into the atmosphere of the pollutants in the atmosphere transmission dilute diffusion transformation and remove the rule and application of science. This subject originated from the 20XX s 20 xx years British atmospheric diffusion experiment was carried out but only in the '50 s the development of modern industry and city population is highly concentrated there appeared the serious urban or industrial pollution events in December 20 xx's London smog event for example took the lives of more than four thousand people these make people wide attention and research of atmospheric pollution to the 60 s then gradually formed this new independent discipline.
Air pollution due to human activity or natural process and out into the atmosphere into some harmful substances (pollutants) when the amount of discharged into enough (pollutant concentration up to a limit) makes the original clean air quality to drop if this situation is maintained long enough will be to humans animals plants and the atmosphere cause harm and adverse effects of the atmospheric state known as air pollution. Of air pollution has three elements: the concentration of pollution sources and pollutants harm to human and biological.
Clean the atmosphere is one of the necessary conditions for the survival of humans in one person in five weeks no eating or five days without drinking water to be able to sustain life but not breathing air for more than 5 minutes then die the body to absorb every day 10-12 cubic meter of air. Thus eliminating air pollution or keep pollution concentration falls below a certain limit is how important.
Pollution sources and pollutants discharged into the source of harmful substances into the atmosphere pollution sources harmful substances into the atmosphere pollutants. Atmospheric pollution source points of artificial and natural sources
The harm of air pollution and influence
Atmospheric pollution on human and environment caused by the harm and influence has gradually been recognized in the aggregate has the following several aspects:
(1) the harm to human health. Human suffering has three pollute the air surface skin contact with the air inhaled and eating food containing atmospheric pollutants besides can cause respiratory and lung diseases but also on the cardiovascular system liver etc serious can take away the life.
(2) the harm of biological. Animals because of the inhaled air pollution or eat foods containing contaminants and disease or death atmospheric pollutants can make the plant disease resistance drop influence the growth leaf spot wither or die.
(3) the harm of items. Such as the textile clothing leather me
(4) cause acidic precipitation such as agriculture forestry fresh water aquaculture.
(5) destroys the high-altitude ozone la
6. Impact on the global climate such as the increase in carbon dioxide and other greenhouse gases will cause the earth's atmosphere warms lead to increased global weather disasters and aerosol particles such as smoke increase the atmospheric turbidity solar radiation affect the longwave radiation the earth may lead to abnormal weather climate.
How to prevention and control of atmospheric pollution reduce the harm of air pollution and influence constitute a major and urgent research subject. Prevention and control of atmospheric pollution
Prevention and control of atmospheric pollution is a huge system engineering need to be individual and collective national and the joint efforts of the world can consider to take measures in the following aspects:
(1) to reduce emissions. Use more pollution-free energy (such as solar energy wind energy hydroelectric power) reform the energy structure with low pollution energy (such as natural gas) pretreatment of fuel (such as coal desulfurization) before such as improving combustion technology can reduce emissions. In addition before the pollutants into the atmosphere not use dust smoke abatement technology condensing technology liquid absorption technology recycling technology to eliminate some pollutants in the exhaust and can reduce the amount of pollutants into the atmosphere.
(2) to curb emissions and make full use of atmospheric self-purification ability. Different meteorological conditions the capacity of the atmospheric pollutants into the same amount of pollutants the pollutant concentration was different. For wind good ventilation turbulence strong convection area and time atmospheric diffusion dilution ability is strong can accept more corporations to inversion region and time atmospheric diffusion dilution ability is weak cannot accept more pollutants otherwise it will cause serious air pollution. Therefore respond to different regions different times for the effective control of emissions.
(3) site selection design of chimney urban and industrial planning should be reasonable don't emitters transition concentration repeated superposition don't cause pollution formation of local serious pollution incident.
(4) greening afforestation make more plants absorb pollutants reduce atmospheric pollution.
Through the above explanation we know the importance of air for our human right from now on please protect the environment afforestation and create a better living environment!
Today my speech is that under the flag of thank you.
2空气污染知多少演讲稿
1. Power Generation
Siting fossil fuel power stations in mainly rural areas and distributing the pollution produced more evenly via tall chimneys has resulted in improved urban air quality though they still remain a major source of pollution mainly sulphur dioxide and nitrogen oxides.
Better dispersion of pollutants emitted by tall chimneys leads to better dilution in the air and thus lower local concentrations of pollutants. This has however led to pollution being dispersed more widely and to transboundary air pollution.
2. Other Industry and waste disposal
Although fossil fuel power plants are the major source of industrial air pollution in many countries all industry and many businesses large and small can be significant local sources of a wide range of air pollutants.
All waste has the potential to affect the environment adversely by contaminating the air soil or water. Poorly managed waste disposal sites (landfill or incineration) can also pose a danger to public health through all these routes.
3. Road Transport
Air pollution from motor vehicles has in many countries replaced coal smoke as the major cause for concern; and the continuing growth in vehicle use means that efforts to reduce emissions from individual vehicles are in danger of being overtaken by increases in the volume of traffic.
The air pollutants produced as a result of the use of motor vehicles present a two-stage problem: primary and secondary pollutants. Primary pollutants produced by petrol-powered vehicles include carbon monoxide nitric oxide benzene particulate matter and lead. Much of the lead emitted by vehicles burning leaded petrol emerges as particles. Secondary pollutants produced as a result of the use of petrol-engined vehicles include nitrogen dioxide and ozone.
4. Domestic Sources
As temperatures across the region plummeted domestic burning of coal across northern China becomes the primary source of air pollution. Other important domestic sources of air pollution are:
Stoves and cookers produce carbon monoxide. If ventilation is inadequate or appliances poorly maintained CO may accumulate in dangerous concentrations. Nitrogen dioxide is also generated and concentrations in kitchens will usually exceed those outdoors when cookers are in use.
Bonfires garden incinerators and barbecues can be a significant local smoke and odour nuisance. Burning garden waste produces smoke especially if it is damp and smouldering rather than dry and blazing. The smoke contains CO and other noxious and irritating compounds. Problems may be caused for asthmatics bronchitis sufferers or those with heart conditions. Even if the immediate health risk is small bonfires add to the general background level of air pollution.
5. Agriculture
Agricultural practices can also be a significant source of nuisance contributing both to local levels of air pollution and causing odour problems. The main sources of pollution are the burning of agricultural waste or of crops in the field and large intensive livestock units. Depending on soil type and fertilisation the nitrogen in the dung and urine of grazing cattle contributes 20-40% of nitrous oxide emissions from agricultural land; methane is also emitted by cattle and other ruminants; nitrous oxide and methane are of course both greenhouse gases.
3国内空气污染严重 伦敦雾霾事件重演？演讲稿
On Dec. 5 1952 a thick la
According to the Telegraph the devastation the smog wrought "only became apparent when undertakers reported that they were running out of coffins and florists had sold all their flowers." In the following three months an estimated 13000 people died of respiratory complications.
The hazy scenes of London's Great Smog bear a striking resemblence to modern-day images of China's urban centers on their most polluted days. And though China has never had an event to match those four days in London its pollution problem is persistent and pervasive. In 2010 air pollution contributed to 1.2 million deaths in China. Between 1981 and 2001 particulate levels in its major cities were five times greater than what the United States experienced before 1970.
And the problem is worsening at an incredible rate. In 2009 the concentration of particulate pollution in the Chinese city of Harbin averaged 101 micrograms per meter according to the World Health Organization. Four years later in October 2013 levels were up tenfold a new record.
This week Gina McCarthy the new head of the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) said she would be meeting with partners in China in the coming days to address air pollution issues but was careful to stress that this is not an challenge limited to China. The West too has faced hazardous pollution. "We have been there before" she said on Monday Dec. 2. The comparison bears consideration; what follows is a series of photo pairings -- smog in London then and in China now.
London's Great Smog rolled into city's streets on a "mass of cold air" and remained trapped by a la
Perhaps the closest China has come was the smog that settled over Harbin a city of 10 million people in northeast China in October. As PM 2.5 climbed to 1000 the city effectively shut down closing schools airports and highways.
The Great Smog of 1952 prompted Britain's 1956 Clean Air Act which led to legislation in the United States. In New York in particular pollution had become a major problem: particularly deadly clouds of smog were blamed for 200 deaths in 1963 and 168 more in 1966. These events were pivotal in motivating Congress to establish the EPA and pass landmark clean air laws. Like China today most of that pollution was caused by burning coal and to a lesser extent by heavy traffic in cities like Los Angeles.
"We know what planning can do" McCarthy said of the EPA's work with China. "We know there are many ways in which you can engage your states and in China's case provinces to bring a sense of urgency to this issue."
"I am hopeful" she said. "One of the reasons I am hopeful is that I know what we've been able to accomplish in the United States."